臺大管理論叢 NTU Management Review VOL.26 NO.2

臺大管理論叢

第

卷第

期

association between interaction variables (

Spec

Fee

and

Spec

Tenure

) and book-tax

difference (

BTD

). In sum, auditor industry expertise is associated with higher level of clients’

tax avoidance, and this association is more positive when auditor independence is lower. Our

early findings are proved again after controlling the potential sample selection bias.

Table 12 Second-stage Model: Association between Auditor Industry Expertise and

Tax Avoidance

Variables

(1)

Tax-avoidance = BETR

(2)

Tax-avoidance = CETR

(3)

Tax-avoidance = BTD

Spec = IMS_D Spec = IPS_D Spec = IMS_D Spec = IPS_D Spec = IMS_D Spec = IPS_D

Constant

-0.0754***

-0.0748***

-0.2330***

-0.2077***

2.1945***

3.0541***

(-3.30)

(-3.01)

(-9.09)

(-7.31)

(6.08)

(7.68)

Spec

0.0046

0.0230

-0.0241*

-0.0025

0.1785

1.3543***

(0.38)

(1.01)

(-1.78)

(-0.09)

(0.94)

(3.72)

Fee

0.0211

0.0263*

0.0039

-0.0018

0.0844

0.0705

(1.40)

(1.72)

(0.23)

(-0.10)

(0.36)

(0.29)

Tenure

0.0003

0.0004

0.0001

-0.0002

0.0189***

0.0159**

(0.61)

(0.90)

(0.13)

(-0.38)

(2.75)

(2.29)

Spec*Fee

-0.3869*

-0.4647**

-0.6219**

-0.5557**

10.1768***

9.8882***

(-1.74)

(-2.06)

(-2.49)

(-2.16)

(2.91)

(2.74)

Spec*Tenure

-0.0059

-0.0116***

-0.0112**

-0.0092*

0.1091

0.0680

(-1.24)

(-2.71)

(-2.09)

(-1.88)

(1.45)

(0.99)

Big10

-0.0081**

-0.0051**

-0.0077**

0.0016

0.1419***

0.1928***

(-2.49)

(-2.00)

(-2.10)

(0.55)

(2.76)

(4.71)

Soe

0.0033

0.0054**

0.0050*

0.0039

0.0292

0.0229

(1.37)

(2.20)

(1.85)

(1.37)

(0.77)

(0.58)

Size

0.0083***

0.0183***

0.0168***

0.7021***

0.6626***

(7.70)

(7.19)

(15.01)

(12.71)

(41.07)

(35.75)

Roa

0.0375***

0.0346***

0.0905***

0.0959***

0.1574

0.1328

(2.89)

(2.56)

(6.21)

(0.77)

(0.62)

Lev

-0.0159***

-0.0158***

-0.0393***

-0.0337***

1.5391***

1.4864***

(-2.86)

(-2.76)

(-6.32)

(-5.14)

(17.61)

(16.23)

CFO

0.0405***

0.0449***

0.0129

0.0143

0.3453*

0.2926

(3.32)

(3.59)

(0.94)

(1.00)

(1.79)

(1.47)

IMR

-0.0090

-0.0117

0.0188**

0.0023

-0.0235

-0.0794***

(-1.36)

(-0.94)

(2.53)

(0.16)

(-0.22)

(-4.00)

Year

Controlled

Industry

Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled Controlled

7660

7133

7660

7133

7660

7133