205 /302
205
臺大管理論叢
2018/8
第
28
卷第
2
期
205-242
DOI:10.6226/NTUMR.201808_28(2).0007
分析台灣金控公司之關鍵風險因子：以風險平衡計
分卡結合決策分析實驗室法為基礎之分析網路法
Key Risk Factors of Financial Holding Companies in Taiwan:
An Integrated Approach of DEMATEL-Based ANP and Risk
Management Balanced Scorecard
摘 要
本研究目的係以平衡計分卡的學習與成長、內部流程、顧客與財務四大構面，分析
風險管理與金控公司，同時以
2012
年
7
月台灣已掛牌上市上櫃的金融控股公司為
研究範圍，將問卷將分成兩部份收集：
1.
高階主管深度訪談調查；
2.
風管部門從業
人員問卷調查，以決策分析實驗室法
(DEMATEL)
結合分析網路程序法
(Analytic
Network Process, ANP)
之
DANP
分析關鍵風險因子之交互影響關係。研究結果顯示，
策略風險、整合風險、管理風險及領導風險為降低風險的核心因子，同時具有高度
的影響及被影響總分及高度的影響扣除被影響的總差額。另一方面，信用風險、利
潤風險、成本風險、信譽風險、信用風險、作業風險及競爭風險等關鍵風險因子，
則應透過核心因子及驅動因子等原因因子來間接控制。最後，結合上述
DEMATEL
的結果與
DANP
推導出管理與領導為最關鍵兩個風險因子的結果，組織複雜且龐大
的金控公司應以建立管理工具及強化領導、溝通、協調總部及分公司以降低風險、
增進風險管理效能，而標準化及制度化的公司治理為重要的基礎。
DANP
與分析層
級程序法
(Analytic Hierarchy Process)
的比較結果再次確認前者更適用於
RM-BSC
此類具有交互影響關係的相對重要性分析中。
【關鍵字】
風險管理、平衡計分卡、分析網路程序法
Abstract
The objective of this study was to establish an evaluation mechanism of risk management
performance for financial holding companies (FHCs) in Taiwan based on four dimensions
(i.e., financial, customer needs, internal business process, and learning and growth). This
study explored the key factors of risk management and their interrelation by applying a
hybrid method of the balanced scorecard (BSC) and the DEMATEL method combined
with the analytic network process (DANP). To fulfill these objectives, we collected data in
two ways: semi-structured interviews with senior-level managers and a questionnaire
distributed to experts employed in the risk management departments of FHCs. The
DEMATEL results revealed that strategic, integration, management, and leadership risks
have high prominence in the core factor zone of the relationship diagram. By contrast, risk
factors such as credit, profitability, cost, reputation, trust, operation, and competitive risks
require instant indirect control through the management of root-cause risk factors. In
conclusion, combined with the DANP results, these results suggest that management and
leadership risks were the two most important factors, and positive management tools as
well as coordination and communication between head offices and branches are key to
reducing risk in large and complex organizations such as FHCs. Standardized and
regulated governance procedures are required. In addition, the results of a comparison
between the DANP and AHP validated the necessity of using the DANP for evaluating
interdependent dimensions and criteria in the context of the risk management BSC.
【
Keywords
】
risk management, balanced scorecard (BSC), analytic network process (ANP)
吳吉政
/
東吳大學企業管理學系副教授
Jei-Zheng Wu
, Associate Professor, Department of Business Administration, Soochow University,
Taipei, Taiwan
花毓華
/
東吳大學企業管理學系碩士在職專班研究生
Yu-Hua Hua
, Master Student, Department of Business Administration, Soochow University, Taipei, Taiwan
Received 2014/12 Final revision received 2016/3