48 / 372
發言或緘默：心理安全與自我效能在社會資本影響社群網站使用者知識分享行為上所扮演的中介角色
48
value diversity, openness to criticism, and tolerance of failure. Obligations, as defined by
Bourdieu (1986), are one individual’s liabilities toward others. Coleman (1990) distinguishes
obligations from norms, because obligations are expectations developed in specific personal
relationships. These types of expectations can influence individuals’ knowledge sharing. For
example, the idiom “there is no such thing as a free lunch” means that exchange brings with
expectations about future obligations (Bourdieu, 1977; Cheal, 1988; Mauss, 1954). Last,
identification is the process by which individuals categorize themselves in relation to another
individual or a group of individuals and take the values or standards of the other individuals
as a reference group (Merton, 1968; Tajfel, 1982). According to Lewicki and Bunker (1996),
salient group identification can increase the perceived opportunities to exchange knowledge.
Conversely, groups with contradictory identities may face significant barriers of knowledge
sharing and creation (Child and Rodrigues, 1996; Pettigrew, 1973; Simon and Davies, 1996).
2.4.1 Influence of Social Capital on Psychological Safety
As mentioned, four interpersonal context-specific factors (i.e., interpersonal
relationships, group and intergroup dynamics, management style and process, and
organizational norms) affect individuals’ psychological safety experience in organizations.
Because interactions in SNSs occur mainly among acquaintances, determinants of individual
psychological safety in organizations also likely apply to individual psychological safety in
SNSs. In addition, the three dimensions of social capital—namely, structural (how
individuals link to one another), cognitive (how individuals communicate with one another),
and relational (trust, norms, and identification)—are similar to the interpersonal context-
specific antecedents of psychological safety. This discussion leads to the following
hypotheses:
H2: Structural social capital positively affects individuals’ psychological safety in SNSs.
H3: Cognitive social capital positively affects individuals’ psychological safety in SNSs.
H4: Relational social capital positively affects individuals’ psychological safety in SNSs.
2.4.2 Influence of Social Capital on Knowledge Sharing Self-Efficacy
As specified previously, self-efficacy in organizations consists of three antecedents:
cognitive capability (processing of sources of information), social capability (support and
interpersonal trust in the social environment), and behavioral capability (ability to decrease
anxiety) (Bandura, 1982). Factors influencing individuals’ self-efficacy in the organization
may also affect their knowledge sharing self-efficacy on SNSs. Furthermore, the cognitive
dimension of social capital reflects an individual’s competence to communicate with others,