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服務庫存與營運績效關聯之實証研究：以台灣大車隊為例
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passenger is 3089.7 meters; average waiting time is 13.99 minutes and working hours are
9.88 per day. The result of hierarchical cluster analysis showed the optimal group number is
4; we then calculated the centroid coordinates for the four groups by the k-means algorithm.
Non-hierarchical cluster analysis assigned 11 observations to cluster 1 and 74, 163 and 44
observations to cluster 2, 3 and 4, respectively.
Analyzing drivers’ personal traits showed that cluster 1 had the highest education
background and the longest time staying in the fleet. Drivers’ average age is the oldest in
cluster 2, and willingness to post advertisements is the lowest. Cluster 3 has the longest
industrial experience, and cluster 4 has the youngest drivers with the shortest driving
experience. This study used ANOVA to test the attribute differences among the four groups,
and found significant difference in route distance without carrying passengers, waiting time,
working hours per day, empty rate of temporality, and empty rate of spatiality.
5. Conclusion
By using time-space air-queuing data from a group of 300 taxi drivers provided by the
Taiwan Taxi Fleet group’s satellite system, we identified four categories of taxi drivers’
service inventory patterns: “Customized”, “High-Speed”, “Flexibility” and “Routine”,
respectively. Furthermore, we investigated the relationships between these four patterns and
their performance, with the end result showing that most drivers of the fleet qualify in the
Flexibility category, efficiently overcoming issues in service perishability and unstockability
by utilizing the “on-the-air queuing system” for the taxi service. This study concludes with
theoretical and practical implications for academia and practitioner reference. It needs to be
cautious when explaining the findings due to the research limitations, such as data timeliness
and external validity of the specific case of the Taiwan Taxi Fleet. Considering the short time
period across the data collection, longitudinal comparative research is suggested for future
studies.