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How ESL Devices Transform into Connected Label Solutions: A Perspective of Actor Interaction and
Information Rebundling

Stage 3 Outsourcing Information (to Optimize Business Model Shift) Ecosystems Outsourcing New Information Information Density Mobile Application; Web Application; Cloud Computing Advancement of Existing Services Creation of New Services Integrated Solutions for Ecosystem

Stage 2 Unbundling and Rebundling (to Drive Enterprise - Wide Transformation) Digital Devices Unbundling Rebundling Mobile Application; Web Application Advancement of Existing Services Creation of New Services Figure 6 Three Stages of Proposed Digital Transformation Notes: These stages are derived from Information-density Perspectives: (1) Digitization, (2) unbundling and rebundling (to driv

Digital Information

Stage 1 Digitization transformation), (3) outsourcing information (to optimize a business model shift).
Dematerialized Digitalization

Physical Information
Five Layers and Impact of Digital Transformation Hardware Data Applications Services Solutions

264 Five Layers: Data to Solutions