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109

臺大管理論叢

2017/9

27

卷第

3

109-136

DOI:10.6226/NTUMR.2017.FEB.A102-059

以實質選擇權觀點探討探索性與利用性活動對公

司績效之影響:中介效果模型

The Real Options Perspective on Exploration, Exploitation, and

Firm Performance: Test of a Mediation Model

摘 要

過去文獻認為公司必須平衡探索性與利用性活動以達到最佳績效,然而對於如何「平

衡」這兩類本質上存在矛盾關係之活動仍未有定論。截至目前為止,探討探索性、利

用性活動與公司績效關係之實證研究仍十分稀少。本研究採用實質選擇權觀點,論述

當公司面對不確定的環境時,探索性活動可視為替公司創造實質選擇權,而利用性活

動則視為執行實質選擇權。實質選擇權帶給公司探索未來的機會,但未必會對公司績

效有直接且正面的影響。惟有當執行實質選擇權時,才能將機會轉化為實質效益,提

升公司績效。本研究以美國半導體公司

25

年的實證資料,檢視不確定性對利用性與探

索性活動之影響,並探討利用性活動對於探索性活動與公司績效的中介效果。本研究

採用創新的延遲結構

(Lag Structure)

模型,以在衡量探索性活動對公司績效之影響時,

將時間延遲因素納入模型中考量。本研究發現:

(1)

不確定性對探索性活動具正向顯著

影響;

(2)

利用性活動對於探索性活動與公司績效存在完全中介效果。此實證結果支持

以實質選擇權觀點論述探索性與利用性活動對公司績效之影響。

【關鍵字】

探索性、利用性、實質選擇權、公司績效

Abstract

Theoretical debate on how firms can balance exploration and exploitation activities to

achieve better performance remains inconclusive, and very few empirical studies offer

guidance on how to delineate contradictory theoretical debates. We adopted a real option

perspective in viewing exploration as creating real options and exploitation as executing

those options. In the face of uncertainty, holding real options can bring firms future

opportunities but may not lead to superior performance. Firm performance can be enhanced

only if firms execute these real options. Using 25 years of data on semiconductor firms in the

United States, this study examines the influence of uncertainty on exploration and

exploitation and the mediating effect of exploitation on the relationship between exploration

and firm performance. This study adopts a novel lag structure model to explicitly consider

the time-lag factor in measuring the effects of exploration on firm performance. This study

finds that (1) uncertainty is positively related to exploration; (2) exploitation mediates the

relationship between exploration and firm performance. The results support the real-options

perspective in elaborating exploration, exploitation, and firm performance.

Keywords

exploration, exploitation, real options perspective, firm performance

趙雨潔

/

國立屏東科技大學企業管理學系助理教授

Yu-Chieh Chao

, Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, National Pingtung

University of Science and Technology

鄭鈞云

/

東吳大學企業管理學系助理教授

Chun-Yun Cheng

, Assistant Professor, Department of Business Administration, Soochow University

湯明哲

/

國立臺灣大學國際企業學系教授

Ming-Je Tang

, Professor, Department of International Business, National Taiwan University

黃逸平

/

國立臺灣大學國際企業學系博士候選人

Yi-Ping Huang

, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of International Business, National Taiwan University

Received 2013/9, Final revision received 2015/2