臺大管理論叢 NTU Management Review VOL.30 NO.2

93 NTU Management Review Vol. 30 No. 2 Aug. 2020 Panel B. Sample distribution by voluntary change of GAAP a.b Prior GAAP New GAAP GAAP change frequency Total 2007 2008 2009 2010 U.S. IFRS 4 4 4 6 18 IFRS U.S. 4 2 2 3 11 Argentina IFRS 1 1 Brazil IFRS 2 2 4 Canada IFRS 2 3 5 U.S. 3 4 3 5 15 China IFRS 1 1 Indonesia IFRS 1 1 2 Israel IFRS 1 1 U.S. 2 1 1 1 5 Korea IFRS 1 1 Mexico IFRS 2 5 7 Total 15 14 17 25 71 Panel C. Industry distribution Industry group Firm-years Unique firms U.S. GAAP adopters IFRS adopters Metal mining 9 6 3 3 Heavy construction 2 1 1 Oil and gas 7 3 3 Food products 8 5 2 3 Printing and publishing 2 1 1 Chemical products 12 4 3 1 Leather products 3 1 1 Stone, clay, and glass 2 1 1 Primary metal 7 3 3 Industrial machinery and services 15 5 4 1 Electronic equipment 13 4 3 1 Transportation 23 8 3 5 Scientific instruments 6 2 2 Communications 17 11 3 8 Electric, gas, and sanitary services 11 6 4 2 Food stores 2 1 1 Real estate 8 4 1 3 Business services 14 5 5 Total 161 71 31 40 Note a : One Bermuda firm converted to U.S. GAAP from Canadian GAAP in 2007. b : Two and one Brazilian firms switched from U.S. GAAP to IFRS in 2009 and 2010, respectively.